初一上册英语语法总结
一、动词be（is,am,are）的用法：
口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，
更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。
be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
1）第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。
句型解析析：I am+… 例：I am a student . I am a boy. 2）第二人称(You)配合are使用。
句型解析：You are+… 例：You are my good friend. You are a good person. 3）第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。
句型解析：She(He, It) is +… 例：She is a good girl. It is so big. 4）人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。
句型解析：We (You, They) are +… 例：We are in Class 5,Grade 7. You are good students.
注意：
1、使用be动词的时候，前面要先加上人称。be动词前面的人称，是不可随意替换的。 例如：I am, You are, She is，并不会出现I is, You am, She are 这样的情形。 2、当只有第一人称和第二人称或第三人称时应该把第二人称或第三人称放在前 例如:you and I, Tom and I
3、当第二人称和第三人称放在一起时把第二人称放在前面， 例如：you and Tom
当三者都有时，排序为：2 3 1
练习：一、用am, is, are 填空：
1、Where ______ Ann ？ She ______ here. 2、 How old ______ you ？ I ______ thirteen. 3、 ______ you Mr Read？ Yes, I ______.
4、What ______ your name？ My name ____ Ann. 5. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 6. The black book ______ for Su Yang. 7. This pair of socks______ 20 dollars. 8. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 9. Some tea ______ in the glass. 10. How much ____ the skirt?
11 How much ______ the trousers ? 12. My sister's name ______Nancy.
13. ______ David and Helen from England? 14. There ______ a girl in the room. 15. You, he and I ______ from China. 二、按要求变换句式
1、It’s an orange. 否定句 _________________________________________ 一般疑问句________________________________________ 划线提问_____________________________________________
2、The ruler is white. 否定句 _________________________________________ 一般疑问句________________________________________ 划线提问_____________________________________________ 3、My father’s name is Jim.
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一般疑问句________________________________________ 划线提问_____________________________________________ 4、Her phone number is 535-2375 . 划线提问_____________________________________________ 5、This is my dictionary.
否定句 _________________________________________ 一般疑问句________________________________________
二、 情态动词Can
1 、can作“能、会”解，否定式是cannot，缩写为can’t。
“can+动词原形” “can’t+动词原形” ：表示某人能做或不能做某事 Can 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化。
Can 表示的”能力”为现在的能力，而不是过去或将来的能力。 1).表示能力。例如：
—Can you write in English? —Yes, I can. I can run fast,can you?
2).表示获得的知识或技能。例如：
—Can she speak Japanese? —No, she can’t.她会说日语吗？不，她不会。 3).表示许可。例如：
Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗？ Can I take you home?我送你回家行吗？
We can’t wear jeans at work.我们上班时不准穿牛仔裤。 4). 表示要求。例如：
Can you help me with this box?你能帮我弄这个箱子吗？ Can you feed the cat?你喂喂猫好吗？ 5). 表示可能性。例如：
That can’t be Mary—she’s in hospital.那不可能是玛丽—她住院了。 He can’t have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得着觉。 There’s someone outside—who can it be?外面有人—会是谁呢？ 6).用以提出建议。例如：
We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的话，咱们可以在饭馆吃饭。 I can take the car if necessary.必要时我可以开车去。
2、 句式变化如下：
1. 在变否定句时，直接在can后加上“not”,可缩写成can’t或cannot, 但不能写成cann’t。例如： He can swim. → He can’t swim.
Emma can see the pen on the desk.→ Emma cannot see the pen on the desk.
2. 在变一般疑问句时，直接移到主语前（原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称）即可。例如： I can see an orange on the table. → Can you see an orange on the table?
其回答可用Yes, OK或Certainly等作肯定回答；用No或Sorry等作否定回答。例如： —Can you look after my books, please? 你能照看一下我的书吗？ —OK. 可以。
用Certainly回答。此时语气更为肯定。例如： —Can I see your guitar? 我能看看你的吉它吗？ —Certainly. 当然可以。 练习：
1、I can play basketball.（变为一般疑问句，并作回答） Play basketball？Yes， .
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No, . 2、 I can play the violin . （根据划线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________________ 3、You can get pizzas . （根据划线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________________ 选择填空。
1、—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 2、Can you speak Japanese? -No, I___. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
3、I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.----No. She __be there, I have just been there. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
4、—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. ----Sure. Here it is. A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must
三、“there be”句型
（1）There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。
基本结构为“There be＋某物（某人）＋某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。
（2）There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：
Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如： ①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）. ③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：
①There is a book and some pens on the floor. ②There are some pens and a book on the floor. （4）There be句型的三种句式 1） 否定句
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。 例如：
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. 2）一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。例如： There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 练习：
一.根据所给汉语完成句子。
1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _____ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There ____ some money in the picture.
3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag. 4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_____ _____ anything else in it?
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5. 我们学校有许多班。There _____ many _________ in our school. 6. 树上没有鸟。There _____ ______ birds in the tree.
7. 树上有很多苹果。______ ______ _______apples ______the tree.
二.选择填空。
1. Are there any maps on the wall? ___
A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many ____ are there in the picture?
A. woman B. women C. boy D. milk 3. There aren’t ___ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much 4.There ____ two bowls of rice on the table.
A. is B. have C. has D. are 5.Are there ___ houses near the river? Yes, there are_______ A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any 6、There ________ a bed and a big wardrobe with a mirror． A．are B．were C．was D．be
7. There is a book in my study. （变一般问句） in your study? 8. There is a soccer ball and a basketball on the floor. (就划线部分提问) on the floor? 9. My new dress is in the drawer (就划线部分提问) our new dress?
10. There are some big trees behind my house (就划线部分提问). big trees? There are many things over there. (就划线部分提问) _______over there?
11、There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就划线部分提问) in the garden? 12、There are some children in the garden.(变为一般疑问句和否定句) there children in the garden？ There children in the garden.
四、冠词 a 与 an 的用法
a 与 an表示“一个”。a 用在辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前；an用在以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。 例如: an apple a CD 定冠词的用法
1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物 Open the door, please. 请把门打开。
2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”） I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。 3) 用在序数词前
January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物
the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界 5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 零冠词的用法
1) 专有名词前一般不加冠词
Tom 汤姆 China 中国 Europe 欧洲 2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词
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January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节
比较： ...on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨... （表示某一个。） 3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词
I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。 4）球类运动不加冠词
play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球 练习： 一、填空
1、There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall． 2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour． 3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．
4． _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day． 5．Let's go out for _______ walk．
6．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．
7．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother． 8． _______ sun rises in _______ east．
9._______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China． 10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？ 11．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．
12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street． 13．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．
14． _______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after. 选择填空
1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？ —Yes，he has _______ ． A．an；some B．a；one C．a；／ D．any；one 2．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's． A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The 3． _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay． A．The B．A C．An D．Two
4．—How many books do you have？ —I have _______ book．That's _______ English book． A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one 5．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby． A．a B．an C．the D．／ 6． _______ tiger is _______ China．
A．The；a B．A；the C．The；from D．The；the 7．We can't see _______ sun at _______ night．
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A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／ 8． _______ useful book it is！
A．What an B．How a C．What a D．What
9．One afternoon he found _______ handbag．There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag． A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a
10． _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting． A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the 11． _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world． A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a
12． _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River． A．The；a B．A；／ C．A；the D．An；the
13． _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school． A．A；an B．The；a C．The；the D．A；the
14．He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer． A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／
15．They made him _______ king． A．a B．the C．an D．／
16．His father is _______ English teacher．He works in our school． A．a B．an C．the D．／ 17．Is he _______ American boy ？ A．an B．a C．one D．／
18．Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school？ A．／；／ B．／；the C．the；／ D．a；／ 19．They passed our school _______ day before yesterday． A．an B．one C．a D．the 20．Australia is _______ English-speaking country． A．a B．an C．the D．／
五、指示代词的形式与用法
英语中的指示代词主要的有this(这个), that(那个), these(这些), those(那些)，其中this和that为单数，these和those为复数；this和these为近指，that和those为远指。 例句:This is a very useful book. 这是一本很有用的书。 I don’t like that man. 我喜欢那个人。
I like these and he likes those. 我喜欢这些，他喜欢那些。 【注】在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方： 例句:Hello. This is Mary. Is that Jim? 喂，我是玛丽，你是吉姆吗? 练习： 一、填空
1. I like _____ pants. _______ pants are red.(这些) 2. I don’t like ____ shoes. ____shoes are too small.(那些)
3. I want _____(这个) sweater. I don’t want________（那个） sweater._____ （那个）is too big. 二、选择。
（ ）1. __________ pen is red. ________ pencil is green. A. this, that B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That （ ）2. Is _____ a panda over there?
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A. this B. that C. those D. these （ ）3. ________two boys are Mr. Green’s sons. A. This B. These C. That D. those （ ）4. __________ two girls are Mary and Linda. A. This B. They C. That D. Those （ ）5. _______is Mr. White and _____ is my father.
A. This,those B. That,these C. These,these D. This,this
六、名词所有格
1、单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈 2、以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书 3、不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ ’s ” Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋 4、表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加’s 表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈) Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子） 练习：
1、The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________. A. Mary’s sister B. Mary sister’s C. Mary’s sister’s D. Sister of Mary’s 2、The woman over there is ______ mother. A. Julia and Shelley’s B. Julia’s and Shelley’s C. Julia and Shelley D. Julia’s and Shelley
3. He is very tired. He needs ______. A. a night rest B. a rest night
C. a night’s rest D. a rest of night 4． This is my dress. That one is ____. A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother
5、 The is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’shop
七、名词的数
可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：
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book → books room → rooms
house → houses day → days
2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如： bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches
dish → dishes box → boxes
3. 以\"辅音字母+y\"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如： city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。
4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如： half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5. 特例 ① child → children ② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen （规律：man → men） ③ tomato → tomatoes
potato → potatoes
（初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s） ④ foot → feet tooth → teeth
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形
⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数； people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。
不可数名词
1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 如：The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。
2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。 如：water （水） → waters （水域）orange （橘汁） → oranges （橘子） 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。 如：fruit → fruits food → foods
fish → fishes hair → hairs
初一上册不可数名词归纳：news bread milk wheat beer juice salt soup information coke work time meat pork fish water hair tea coffee oil beef chicken rice food orange
注意：可数名词表示复数意义时可用many、具体的数词等来修饰。如：many apples，a lot of tomatoes，a few
pens
不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。如：much meat，a little bread，little water 这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of （lost of） 等修饰。如：some eggs/paper（纸）。 句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you，she,he,it→ they。 She is a girl. →They are girls. (2)am，is要变为are。如： I’m a student. →We are students. (3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：
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He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如： It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如： This is a box. →These are boxes. 练习：选择填空：
1．The deer has four ______.
A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2．Her two brothers are both ______.
A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3．There are four _____ and two ______ in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans 4．Two ______ would come to the village.
A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5．Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse 6．The _____ has two ______.
A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths
8．The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9．There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 10. The cat caught two ______ last night.
A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices
八、人称代词
数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 me us you you him my our your your his - 9 -
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his 第一人称 单数 I 复数 we 单数 you 复数 you 单数 he 第二人称 第三人称
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she it 复数 they her it her its hers its theirs them their 1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语，用于动词之前,例如： He gets up at 6o’clock every day.他每天六点起床。
2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,用于动词/介词之后,例如： 例:1.I see her with them.我看到她和他们在一起。（her做宾语 them做介词宾语.
2. Listen to me , Dad .
3. Peter is sitting behind me . 4. Let me go there now .
5. Give me an orange , please .
3）you既是\"你\"或\"你们\"的主格，又是它们的宾格；her既是\"她\"的所有格，又是它的宾格。我们可以根据它们在句子中的位置来判断它们属于主格、所有格还是宾格。
4）and是一个我们常用来连接两个词的连接词。它虽然与介词with有同样的意思，但它的前后可以是人称代词的主语，也可以是人称代词的宾格，而with只能跟人称代词的宾格。 如：You and I are going to school . You are going to school with me .) 5）人称代词在句中的作用 1)主格作主语。如：
I am Chinese.我是中国人。
2)宾格作宾语，放在及物动词或介词之后，有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如： ①I don't know her.我不认识她。(动词宾语) ②What's wrong with it?它怎么了？(介词宾语)
③-Open the door, please. It's me.请开门，是我。(表语) 6）人称代词并列用法的排列顺序
（1）单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：
第二人称->第三人称->第一人称 即：you and I; he/she/it and I; you, he/she/it and I （2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为： 第一人称->第二人称->第三人称
即：we and you; you and they; we，you and they 练习：
一、选择题：
1. She is a student， _____ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his
2. Could you help _____ with _______ English， please.
A. I，my B. me，me C. me， my D. my，I 3. A friend of _____ came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him D. himself
4. ______ pencil-box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ______. A. Toms， my， he B. Tom's， mine， his C. Tom's， mine， him D. Tom's， my， his 5. Most of ______like Chinese food. A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs 6. Don't you let ____ help you ？
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A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. my friend and I to
7. How hard______ works！
A. we B. him C. he D. his 8. ______ have been chosen.
A.I，you and he B. He，you and I C. You，he and I D.You，and me 9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _______ . A. I B. me C. my D. mine 二、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.
2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can't get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his)? 5. Her kite is broken. Can _________(you，your，yours) mend it? 6. We can't find our bikes. Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)?
7. These are _________(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _________(I，me，mine).
九、介词
中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before
一、表示时间的介词：1、表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。如：in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上 in those days 在当时 / in no time 立刻 / in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在将来 / in one minute 在1分钟内 / 最后 in the end
2、表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。例：at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜――一天中相对短暂的时间） 3. at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄） 短语：at that time 在那时 / at the moment 这时、那时、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后＝in the end / at once 立刻、马上 / at / on (the) weekends 在周末 / 在一年中的这个时候at this time of year / 在… …开始/结束时 at the beginning /end of
3、表示某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on，例：
on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon
4、表示持续一段时间用介词“for”。“for”＋“段时间” for two hours / for three days for hundreds of years 5、before后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之前；after后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之后；例：after 8 o’clock after breakfast after a while过了一儿 the day after tomorrow before supper before class 二、表示方位介词
1、表示大地方，表示空间、地域或者物体内部应用in，或表示在„范围之内。 2、表示较小的地方，表示空间的某一点，出入口等，选at
3、表示附着在表面上，覆盖等，表示接触的面上、边上、线上，用on。 巩固练习。
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1. Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China.(in, on, to)
2. Go _________ the bridge _________ the river, you’ll find the shop.(across, through; over, above) 3. I go to school __________7:30 every morning.(in, on, at)
4. He would like to meet her __________8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning.(between, among ) 5. The Greens have lived in China ________ three years.(in, for, after) 6. We go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday.(except, besides) 7. He wrote the letter _________ ink.(by, with ,in)
8. She returned to her country _________five years.(in, after, for) 9. There is a big tree _________ our classroom.(after, behind) 10. I usually go to work _________ bike.(by, on, with)
十、一般现在时：
1．构成：
一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式：
（1）be型：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are） 肯定句中，只出现be， eg： I am a student．
否定句中，要在be后面加not， eg：She isn't a teacher． 一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头（注意句首字母大写）， 句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语 + be．或No，主语 + be + not． eg： —Are you ready？—Yes，I am． —No，I'm not． （2）实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词） a．肯定句中，只出现实义动词，
eg： I get up at 6 in the morning．She gets up at 6 in the morning．
b．否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do（does）＋not，do（does）作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成don't（doesn't）
eg： I don't like vegetables．He doesn’t like vegetables．
一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do（Does），句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语 + do（does）．或No，主语 + do（does）＋ not
eg： —Do you like oranges？—Yes，I do．—No，I don't. —Does he like oranges? —Yes, he does. —No, he doesn’t.
2、用法：
1) 它表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。 e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理，表示格言或警句中
e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.
4）与之搭配的时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。
3.第三人称单数
在一般现在时中，如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语（动词）要有相应的变化. A.一般情况加s，
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例如：looks, listens, visits；
B.以ch, sh, s, x和少数以o结尾的词，加-es，
例如：teaches, washes, guesses, goes, does C.辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-es，
例如：carry-carries, study-studies
D．元音字母加y结尾，直接加s 例如：stay-stays，pay-pays
练习：
一．用所给词的适当形式填空
1. We often____(play) in the playground. 2. He_____(get) up at six o'clock.
3. ______you_______(brush) your teeth every morning？ 4. What (do) he usually_______ (do) after school?
5. Danny__________(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art an school. 6. Mike sometimes______(go)to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she______(watch)TV with his parents. 8. ______Mike______(read) English every day?
9. How many lessons ______ your classmate______(have)on Monday? 10. What time ______ his mother______(do)the housework.
11. His sister usually ______ (go) to school at 7:00 am. 12. Lin Tao ______ (like) his new sweater. 13. ______ he ______ (like) English?
14. People usually ______ (eat) dinner in the evening.
15. What time ______ Mary usually ______ (play) basketball ?
二、选择
( ) 1. _____ you have a book? A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have ( )2. They _________ on a farm.
A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked ( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV? __________.
A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes ( )4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do
( )5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America? A. do, go B. is, go C. does, go D. does, goes ( )6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
A. am not finding B. am not seeingC. can’t find D. can’t look at ( )7. How ___________ he go to work? He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does; go B. do; goes C. do; go D. does; goes ( )8. ______ you usually late for school? No, _____________.
A. Do; I am B. Does ;not C. Are ; I’m not D. Are ; I aren’t
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( )9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
A. Is, leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left ( )10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our
十一、句子的种类
练一练
1、A: _______ is the boy in blue? B:He’s Mike. 2、A: _______ pen is it? B:It’s mine.
3、A: _______ is the diary? B:It’s under the chair. 4、A: ___ is the Chirstmas Day? B: It’s on the 25th of December. 5、A: _______ are the earphones? B:They are 25 yuan. 6、A: _______ is the cup? B:It’s blue. 7、A: _______ is it today? B:It’s Sunday.
8、A: _______ was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October. 9、A: _______ this red one? B:It’s beautiful.
10、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B: _________________ ? A: I want to make a kite. 12. A:_______ is your cousin? B: He’s 15 years old. 13、A:_______ do you have dinner? B: At 6 o’clock. 一. 单项填空
1. ---Excuse me, _______ is the nearest bookshop? ---Go down the street and turn left at the second corner. A. how B. what C. where D. who
2. ---______ is it from our school to the Bell Tower? ---About half an hour’s bus ride. Shall we go and visit it? A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 3. ---The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it? ---Of course. A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall
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4. ---__________, sir? ---Size 41, I think
A. What size do you need B. What can I do for you C. How do you like this shirt D. What’s the matter with you 5. ---_______ good weather! Why not go out for a walk?
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 6. ---______ is your mother today, Jim? ---She is much better. A. How B. What C. Where D. How old 7. ---______he ______ at this school last term? ---Yes, I think so.
A. Did…study B. Does…study C. Was…study D. Did…studied 8. ---_______ did you begin to learn English? ---Three years ago. A. When B. Why C. Where D. What 二、填空。
1、The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问） _____ _____ the pupils having a picnic? 2、Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us? 3、The children have a good time in the park.
否定句：___________________________________ 一般疑问句：___________________________________ 2. There are about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)
否定句：_______________________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 3. There is only one problem.
否定句：__________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_____________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________
4. Ann does her homework every evening.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：_________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 5. I read an English book every day. 否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：___________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________
6. My brother is in the park now. 否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 7. She has some bread for lunch today.
否定句：__________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________
8. They read English every day. 否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________
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