New words
clutter n.
[sing., U] a large number of things that are scattered somewhere in an untidy way 杂乱的东西
await vt.
1 wait for sth. 等待；等候 The little boy was still awaiting his father’s return when the clock struck 11. 当时钟敲响11 点时，那个小男孩仍在等着他爸爸回来。
2 if sth. awaits you, it will happen to you （某事）将降临到…身上 The biggest surprise awaiting the birthday girl is that her father is flying to London for her birthday. 那个过生日的女孩即将得到的最大惊喜是她爸爸将飞到伦敦来为她庆祝生日。
vehicle n.
[C] (fml.) a machine with an engine that is used to take people or things from one place to another, such as a car, bus, or truck 交通工具；车辆 efficiency n.
[U] the quality of doing sth. well and effectively, without wasting time, money, or energy 效率；效能
To increase our working efficiency, it is necessary to take advantage of every moment we have. 为了提高工作效率，我们必须分秒必争。
We rely on advanced technology to improve energy efficiency. 我们依靠先进的技术提高能源效率。
embarrass vt.
make sb. feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable, esp. in front of other people （尤指在社交场合）使尴尬，使窘迫
I felt embarrassed, going to the wrong classroom on the first day of college. 大学的第一天我走错了教室，感到非常尴尬。
embarrassment
n.
1 [C] sb. or sth. that causes problems or makes you feel ashamed 让人难堪的人；使人为难的事
He is such an embarrassment to his family. 他让他的家人感到非常难堪。 The court case was an embarrassment to the company. 这个案子对该公司来说是个麻烦。
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2 [U] a feeling of being nervous or ashamed because of what people know or think about you 尴尬；难堪；窘迫
To her terrible embarrassment, there were many people around when one of her high heels broke off. 她一只高跟鞋的鞋跟断了，当时周围有许多人，这让她很尴尬。
rust v.
become covered with rust, or make sth. become covered in rust （使）生锈
Years of being left out in the rain had rusted the metal chairs. 这些金属椅子多年来一直放在外面，已经被雨淋得都生锈了。 n.
[U] the reddish-brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it gets wet 锈；铁锈
There were large patches of rust on the car. 车上有大块的锈斑。 blade n.
[C]the flat cutting part of a tool or weapon 刀刃；刀片
tube n. [C]
1 a long, thin container which you squeeze in order to force the paste out （膏状物等的）管状容器 2 a long narrow object similar to a pipe that liquid or gas can move through 管子
paste n.
[C, U] a soft thick mixture that can easily be shaped or spread 糊状物；膏
The dish consists of 8 kinds of vegetables, mixed with hot chili paste and served with beef soup. 这道菜有8种蔬菜，拌上辣椒酱，再佐以牛肉汤食用。 vt.
stick sth. to sth. else using glue （用糨糊）粘贴
Please paste a label on the box to tell it from other boxes. 请在盒子上贴上标签 , 以便与其他盒子区别开来。
toothpaste n.
[C, U] 牙膏
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polish n.
[C, U] a chemical substance that you rub onto an object to make it shine 上光剂；擦光剂 The girl was told by her parents to remove the polish from her nails because she was too young for make-up. 女孩的父母让她把指甲油擦掉，因为她还太小，不适合化妆。 vt.
1 make sth. smooth, bright, and shiny by rubbing it 擦亮；擦光
He polished his glasses with a handkerchief in order to see more clearly. 他用手帕擦了擦眼镜，以便看得更清楚些。
2 improve a piece of writing, a speech, etc. by making slight changes to it before it is completely finished 修改；润色
Your essay is good; you just need to polish it a bit. 你的文章不错，你只要稍加润色就可以了。
trash n.
[U] (BrE rubbish) things that you throw away, such as empty bottles, used papers, food that has gone bad, etc. 废物；垃圾
dump vt.
1 empty out a container, vehicle, as by overturning or tilting 倾倒；把…倒空
He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk. 他打开包，把里面的东西倒在桌子上。
2 get rid of sth. that you do not want 丢弃；扔掉
People who want to get rid of old cars sometimes dump them in the woods. 人们为了处理掉旧车，有时候就把它们丢在树林里。
match v.
1 belong to the same pair （与…）属同一双；（使）成对 Your socks don’t match. 你的袜子不成双。 2 if one thing matches another or they match, they look attractive together （与…）相配，相称
She wore a green silk dress and hat to match. 她穿了一件绿色丝裙，戴着与之相配的帽子。
mismatched
a.
not matched or not suitably matched 不配对的
I wonder why my younger sister loves wearing mismatched socks. 我真不明白，为什么我妹妹喜欢穿不配对的袜子。
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purple a. 紫色的 n.
[U] 紫色
closet n. [C] (mainly AmE) a small room or space built into a wall for storing things such as clothes or sheets 壁橱
comic n.
[C] (also ~ book) a magazine for children that contains stories told in a series of drawings （儿童）连环漫画册
With the combination of pictures and texts, comics are a good way to get children to begin their adventures in reading. 连环漫画册图文并茂是让儿童开始接触阅读的一个好办法。 a.
amusing you and making you want to laugh 滑稽的；好笑的
Even the misfortune in his personal life was used by him in creating his comic movies. 连他生活中的不幸遭遇也被他用于创作喜剧电影。
fiction n.
1 [U] books and stories about imaginary people and events 小说
He was a very successful writer of children’s fiction. 他是一位非常成功的儿童小说家。
2 [C] sth. that people want you to believe is true but which is not true 虚构的事；想象的事
Sometimes children have trouble separating fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist. 有时候孩子们难以区分哪 些事情是真实的、哪些是虚构的，他们或许会相信这些事情真的存在。
romantic a.
1 used about books, plays, and films about love （书、剧本、电影）浪漫的，关于爱情的
Romantic comedies are very popular among young people. 爱情喜剧很受年轻人的欢迎。
2 showing strong feelings of love 多情的；浪漫的
Why don’t you send your girlfriend a little romantic card and see how she reacts? 你何不送女朋友一张浪漫的小卡片，看她作何反应？
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historical a.
1 describing or based on events in the past 描写历史事件的；基于史实的 Historical novels are a marvelous blend of fact and fiction. 历史小说是事实和小说的奇妙结合。
2 relating to the past （有关）历史的
It is important to look at the novel in its historical context. 从历史背景来看待这部小说很重要。
beloved a.
loved very much by sb. 钟爱的；挚爱的；宝贝的
She said her beloved daughter was her pride. 她说她的宝贝女儿是她的骄傲。
stuff vt.
1 push or put sth. into a small space, esp. in a quick careless way 填；塞
Don’t stuff anything else in the bag, or it will burst. 不要再往袋子里塞东西了，不然袋子就要撑破了。
2 fill sth. until it is full 填满；装满
Volunteers were busy stuffing envelopes. 志愿者们正忙着填装信封。 n.
[U] a variety of objects or things 各种物品
I don’t know how we’re going to get all this stuff into the car. 我不知道怎样才能把这些东西都放进汽车里。
sack n.
[C] a large strong bag for storing and carrying things 大口袋；粗布袋；麻袋
stack v.
make things into a neat pile, or form a neat pile （使）整齐地堆起；摞起
The waitress stacked the dishes on the counter and then sat down for a rest. 女服务员把盘子整齐地码放在柜台上，然后坐下来休息。 n.
[C] a neat pile of things （叠放整齐的）一叠，一堆，一摞
I eventually found the letter I was looking for under a stack of papers. 我最终在一摞纸的下面找到了我要找的那封信。
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plague n.
1 (a ~ of locusts/rats, etc.) an uncontrolled and harmful increase in the numbers of a particular animal or insect 蝗灾/鼠灾等
A plague of locusts, as a result of the warm winter and continuous drought since early spring, is threatening this land. 由于暖冬和开春以来一直干旱，蝗灾正威胁着这片土地。
2 [C] a disease that causes death and spreads quickly to a large number of people 瘟疫；疫病
We wish to have a world free of plagues and famines. 我们希望我们的世界没有瘟疫和饥荒。
clumsy a.
1 not easy to use and often large and heavy （物体）笨重的
The first mobile phones were heavy and clumsy to use, but nowadays they are much easier to handle. 第一代手机用起来很笨重，不过如今的手机用起来方便多了。
2 moving in an awkward way and tending to make things fall over 笨拙的；不灵活的
When people get drunk, they become clumsy and cannot speak clearly. 人们喝醉后会变得行动笨拙，说话含糊。
charity n.
1 [U] organizations in general that give money, goods, or help to people who are poor, sick, etc. 慈善事业
All the money raised by the concert will go to charity. 这次音乐会的收入将全部用于慈善事业。
2 [C] an organization that gives money, goods, or help to people who are poor, sick, etc. 慈善机构；慈善团体
He invested a big sum of money in setting up a charity in his hometown. 他投了一大笔钱在家乡创建了一家慈善机构。
band n. [C]
1 a flat narrow piece of sth. with one end joined to the other to form a circle 圈；箍；带
2 (BrE) a group of musicians, esp. a group that plays popular music 乐队；乐团
curl v.
form a twisted or curved shape, or make sth. do this 盘绕；缠绕
It seems to me that the best way to relax is to curl up in the sofa with
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a cup of tea, and watch TV. 对我而言，最好的放松方法就是泡上一杯茶，蜷在沙发上看电视。
curler
n.
[C] a small plastic or metal tube used for making hair curl 卷发夹 Hair curlers can give you a great curly look. 卷发器可以给你一个漂亮的卷发造型。
strain vi.
pull hard at sth. or push hard against sth. 使劲拉；使劲推；绷紧
The dog strains at the rope fastened to its collar, eager to be off. 那只狗使劲拽着拴在脖子上的绳子，拼命要挣脱。 vt.
injure a muscle or part of your body by using it too much or making it work too hard 拉伤；扭伤；损伤
I strained a muscle in my back when playing tennis. 我在打网球时拉伤了背上的一块肌肉。 n.
[C, U] worry that is caused by having to deal with a problem or work too hard over a long period of time 焦虑；紧张
We know that a long time without change can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain. 我们知道，长时间没有变化会导致乏味，以及身体和精神上的紧张。
haul vt.
pull sth. heavy with a continuous steady movement 拖；拉
Rescue workers attached the men to ropes before hauling them to safety. 救援人员把这些人用绳索绑起来，然后把他们拉到安全的地方。
donation n.
1 [C] sth., esp. money, that you give to a person or an organization in order to help them 捐赠物（尤指捐款） The mayor toured a children’s hospital and delivered a donation of medical equipment. 市长参观了一家儿童医院，并向医院捐赠了一些医疗设备。 2 [U] the act of giving sth., esp. money, to help a person or an organization 捐助（尤指钱）
At the blood donation site, I was given a physical examination. 在献血站，我接受了一次体检。 curb n.
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[C] (BrE kerb) the raised edge of a road, between where people can walk and cars can drive 路缘
For the sake of safety, please walk as close to the curb as possible. 为了安全起见，请尽量靠近路缘走路。 vt.
control or limit sth. in order to prevent it from having a harmful effect 控制；抑制；约束 The government should take steps to curb the rapid rise in housing prices. 政府应采取措施抑制房价的快速上涨。
sore a.
painful and uncomfortable, usu. as a result of an injury, infection, or too much exercise 痛的；疼痛的
My muscles were sore because I had exercised too much. 我因为运动过量而肌肉疼痛。
ridiculous a.
very silly or unreasonable 愚蠢的；荒唐的；可笑的
It is ridiculous that a person should get paid without working. 一个人竟能不劳而获，这太可笑了。
toss vt.
throw sth., esp. sth. light, with a quick gentle movement of your hand 扔；掷；抛
The children tossed the ball to each other. 孩子们互相把球抛来抛去。 strip
vt. (also ~ off)
1 remove sth. that is covering the surface of sth. else 剥去；除去 She asked us to strip off the sheets and bring them downstairs when we leave. 她叫我们离开时把床单撤下来并带到楼下。
It took me several hours to strip the wallpaper from the walls. 我花了好几个钟头把墙纸从墙上揭下来。
2 take off your clothes or take off sb. else’s clothes 脱去（…的）衣服
Jack stripped off his sweater and threw it onto the couch. 杰克脱掉毛衣，把它扔到长沙发上。
craft n.
(~s) [pl.] a job or activity in which you make things with your hands, and that you usu. need skill to do （指传统的手工）工艺；手艺
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The project’s aim is to maintain some traditional rural crafts in China. 该项目的目的是要保留中国一些传统的乡村手工艺。
clip vt.
1 cut an article or picture from a newspaper, magazine, etc. （从报纸、杂志等上）剪下
I clipped the ads from the magazine in case they might be useful later. 我把杂志上的广告剪下来，以备后用。
2 fasten one thing to another using a small object 夹住；扣住
He collected up the documents and clipped them together. 他把文件收拾好，并夹在一起。 n. [C] a short part of a film, television program, or news story that is shown separately （电影、电视节目或新闻的）剪辑
I saw on TV a clip of Michael Jordan being interviewed. 我在电视上看到迈克尔•乔丹接受采访的一个片段。
item n.
[C] a single thing, esp. one thing in a list, group, or set of things （尤指清单上、一群或一组事物中的）一项，一件，一条
He opened his suitcase and took out each item. 他打开手提箱，把东西一样样拿出来。
emotional a.
1 having strong feelings and showing them to other people, esp. by crying 情绪激动的（尤指哭泣）
Grandpa gets very emotional whenever he talks about the war in which he fought many years ago. 每当谈及他多年前曾亲身参加的那场战争时，爷爷就会变得情绪激动。
2 (only before noun) relating to your feelings or how you control them 情绪（上）的；情感（上）的
The event had absolutely no emotional effect on me. 这件事对我的情绪绝对没有影响。
bug n. [C]
1 an enthusiast or a fan 热衷于某事的人；迷 2 (esp. AmE) a small insect 小虫子
reverse vt.
change sth., such as a decision, judgment, or process so that it is the
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opposite of what it was before 推翻，彻底改变（决定、判决、过程等） The Jones had planned to sell their house and move into an apartment, but later they reversed their minds. 琼斯一家打算把房子卖掉，搬到公寓去住，但是他们后来改变了主意。 n.
(the ~) the exact opposite of what has just been mentioned 相反情况；正相反
Of course I don’t dislike you – quite the reverse. 我当然不是不喜欢你——恰恰相反，我喜欢你。 a.
(only before noun) (~ order/situation/process, etc.) the opposite order, etc. to what is usual or to what has just been stated 相反的（顺序、局势、过程等）
The record showed a reverse trend to that in other countries. 记录显示在其他国家有与之相反的趋势。
token n.
[C] (fml.) sth. that represents a feeling, fact, event, etc. 象征；标志
We exchanged gifts as a token of friendship. 我们交换了礼物，作为友谊的象征。
Phrases and expressions
make it
1 be successful at sth., e.g. in your job 获得成功
He came to the US and not only made it, but made it big. 他来到美国，不仅成功了，而且还发达了。
2 succeed in getting somewhere in time for sth. or when this is difficult （尤指在困难情况下）准时到达，赶上
With blood pouring from his leg, he made it to a nearby house. 他腿上流着血，支撑着走到附近的一所房子。
free of/from
not containing or involving sth. unpleasant 无…的；摆脱了…的
We need to create a relaxing atmosphere, free of tension. 我们需要创造一种没有压力的轻松氛围。
They claim all the drinks are free of artificial colorings. 他们声称所有的饮料都不含人工色素。
catch oneself doing sth.
suddenly realize one is doing sth. 突然意识到自己在做某事
One day I caught myself smiling for no reason; then I realized I was
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thinking of you. 有一天我忽然发觉自己正无缘无故地微笑，随后我意识到我那时想到了你。
throw away
get rid of sth. that you do not want or need 扔掉；丢弃
after all 1 used for saying that sth. is true despite what was said or planned before 终究；最终还是
Maybe she was right after all. 或许最终还是她对。
2 used when giving a reason to explain what you have just said 毕竟 I’m not really ambitious about making money. After all, money isn’t everything. 我对赚钱真没什么雄心大志，毕竟钱不是一切。
reverse oneself
(AmE) change one’s opinion or position in an argument （争论中）改变主意/立场
Suddenly, he reversed himself completely. 突然，他完全改变了立场。 straighten up
1 make sth. tidy 把…弄整洁
As usual, she helped her mother clear away the dishes and straighten up the room. 跟平时一样，她帮助妈妈清理碗碟，并把屋子收拾整洁。 2 stand up straight 直起身
I straightened up and the ache in my back grew worse. 我直起身子，这时背部的疼痛加剧了。
keep back
1 not show your feelings, even though you want to very much 抑制，控制（感情）
When she heard that her mom was seriously ill, she could hardly keep back her tears. 听到妈妈病重的消息，她忍不住流下了眼泪。
2 deliberately not tell sb. all that you know about sth. 隐瞒某事 She told us most of the story, but kept back about her uncle. 她把故事的大部分内容告诉了我们，但是没有讲有关她叔叔的事。
with open arms
if you do sth. with open arms, you show that you are happy to see sb. or eager to accept an idea, plan, etc. 热烈地；欣然 When I went to see my boyfriend’s parents for the first time, they welcomed me with open arms. 我第一次去见男友的父母时受到了他们的热情欢迎。
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