任务型阅读专题
2021年北京市燕山地区九年级二模英语试题
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共 10 分，每小题 2 分）
Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. Spacewalks let
astronauts work outside their
spacecraft (飞行器) while still in space. Astronauts can do science experiments on a spacewalk. Spacewalks also let astronauts test new equipment (设备). They can repair spacecraft in space instead of bringing them back to the Earth to fix.
When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits with pure oxygen (纯氧) inside to keep themselves safe. Once in their suits, astronauts breathe oxygen for a few hours. Breathing only oxygen can help clear out all the nitrogen (氮气) in an astronaut's body. If they didn't
clear out the nitrogen, the astronauts might get gas bubbles (气泡) in their body and the bubbles will do them harm. These gas bubbles can cause pain in astronauts' shoulders and knees. This pain is called getting \"the bends\" because it has influences on the places where the body bends.
Astronauts are now ready to get out of their spacecraft. They leave the spacecraft through a special door called an airlock. The use of the airlock is to stop air getting out. The airlock has two doors. When astronauts get ready to go on a spacewalk, they go through the first door and lock it tight behind them. They can then open the second door without any air getting out of the spacecraft. After a spacewalk, astronauts go back inside through the airlock.
How do astronauts stay safe during spacewalks? They use safety ropes to keep themselves from floating away ( 飘离 ) into space. When on a spacewalk, one end of the safety rope is hooked ( 钩住 ) to the spacewalker while the other end is connected to the spacecraft. Astronauts also use ropes to keep tools from floating away. They tie their tools to their spacesuits.
Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. If an astronaut were to float away, SAFER would help him or her fly back to the spacecraft. Astronauts control SAFER with a small joystick ( 控制杆 ), like on a video game. 34．What can help astronauts work outside their spacecraft? 35．What can cause pain in astronauts' shoulders and knees?
36．What is the use of the airlock?
37．How do astronauts control SAFER in space?
38．How do astronauts keep themselves from floating away into space? 四、阅读短文，回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分） 34. Spacewalks.. 35. Gas bubbles. 36. To stop air getting out. 37. With a small joystick.
38. By using safety ropes and wearing a SAFER. 2021年北京市丰台区九年级二模英语试题
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10 分，每小题2 分）
Henry Ford
Henry Ford is famous for making cars easier for most people to
buy. He did this by producing the cars using an assembly(装配) line.
Henry Ford was born in 1863 in Michigan. He was the eldest of six children, and his family owned a farm. He worked on the farm when he was young, but he soon discovered that he loved taking things apart to see how they worked, then putting them back together again. He worked on watches a lot, and ended up helping many people fix their watches. In 1879, when he was 16 years old, he moved to Detroit to start working with machines, though he did come home and work on the farm a little, too.
Ford got married to Clara Bryant in 1888, and worked on a sawmill(锯木厂). He finally became an engineer. Ford worked for the Edison Illuminating Company and even got to meet Thomas Edison! Edison encouraged him to keep working on his plans for his horseless carriage, powered by a motor. Ford’s horseless carriage was called the Quadricycle(四轮环保车).
He sold the Quadricycle and started his own company to continue his work making vehicles. He did not stay with the first company for very many years, but finally started the Ford Motor Company. He spent many years developing cars, which were made only a few at a time.
Ford was not the first person to create a car, but he was the one who began to make them accessible(可使用的) to a lot of people in the United States. His “Model T” car, released(发布) in 1908, was easy to drive and to repair, so many people wanted one. He needed to make a lot of cars
very quickly. His company, Ford Motor Company, hired skilled workers to work on an assembly line. The car would move through the line, and each worker had a job along the line. One worker might put on the steering wheel, while at a different spot on the line, another worker put on tires. Every Model T was painted black. The company could make many cars at a time this way, which made them cheaper to produce.
In addition to using the assembly line to produce cars, Ford was also known for paying his workers fairly. Henry Ford died in 1947, but his company is still around and making cars today. 34．When and where was Henry Ford born? 35．What did Ford love doing when he was young? 36．What did Thomas Edison encourage Ford to do? 37．Why did many people want a “Model T” car? 38．What was Henry Ford famous for? 四、阅读短文，回答问题。
34. Henry Ford was born in 1863 in Michigan.
35. He loved taking things apart to see how they worked, then putting them back together again.
36. Edison encouraged him to keep working on his plans for his horseless carriage, powered by a motor.
37. Because it was easy to drive and to repair.
38. Henry Ford is famous for both making cars easier for most people to buy/using the assembly line to produce cars and paying his workers fairly. 2021年北京市昌平区九年级中考二模英语试题
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共 10 分，每小题 2 分） Where did the moon come from?
How much do you know about the moon? Is it older or younger than the Earth? Where did it come from? Let me take you back to the earliest days of the Earth, four and a half billion (十亿) years ago. At that time, the Earth had no moon. It was moving around the Sun alone.
The early Earth was hit by rocks and comets (彗星). Today, there are no marks left from this huge ball. But to know more about the hitting, I’ve come to the Arizona desert to see a great hole in the ground. This is a beautiful, large and round hole, a near-perfect circle. It was formed when a
shooting star fell down strongly into the Earth fifty thousand years ago. It’s amazing how much damage that one passing rock can cause.
It must have been a mess with many rocks hitting the Earth. And then along came something much, much bigger. Another planet, the size of Mars, came into the path of the Earth. It was on the way to hit the Earth. It hit the Earth with a very fast speed. It was unbelievable and difficult to guess the power broken out by such a hitting! The hitting sent a large amount of running rocks into the path of the Earth. After the strong hitting, the broken pieces got together into a ball and the moon was formed, just 14,000 miles away from the early Earth. This was the closest point it could have been. If it were any closer, the gravity (重力) would have pulled the broken pieces falling down strongly back to the Earth and there would be no moon.
Today the moon is just a rock without light, but back then, it was a hot and round ball in space burning brightly. It must have looked amazing: a really large orange disc in the sky.
Imagine the scene: the first moonrise over the early Earth. Our world was no longer alone. It had a huge, powerful neighbour, and ever since then, the Earth has been a very different kind of planet. 34. When was the Earth moving around the Sun alone? 35. What hit the early Earth? 36. How did the moon form after the strong hitting? 37. What was the early moon like?
38. What do you think of the very first moonrise?
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分） 34. Four and a half billion years ago. 35. Rocks and comets.
36. (After the strong hitting,) the broken pieces got together into a ball (and the moon was formed). 37. It was a hot and round ball in space burning brightly. / It was a really large orange
disc in the sky.
38. It’s huge, powerful, amazing, different, beautiful, great, fascinating… (any reasonable comments) 2021年北京市平谷区九年级二模英语试题
四、阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。 (共 10 分,每题 2 分)
Fashionably Eco-friendly
The clothes you wear tell a lot about your personality. They protect you from the weather and give you a way to express yourself. But when you are tired of your old clothes and want something new, don’t throw your old clothes away! Give them to a charity or a second-hand store.
One day, they could end up at a recycling company such as Savannah Rags International! At Savannah Rags, excess(过量的) clothing is gathered and can be dealt with in several stages. First, it is collected from charities, schools and local second-hand stores and brought to the company. There, workers sort it by material—cotton over here, polyester over there, etc. The workers also sort
out items that are in bad condition. These are turned into other things, such as cleaning rags. But the rest of the clothing is packaged and shipped to places in Europe and Africa. There, local merchants buy it and resell it in stores and markets. This is a great way to keep old clothes out of landfills. And, most importantly, it helps protect natural resources!
Manufacturing(制作) clothing uses a lot of natural resources. Take blue jeans for example. Jeans are made mostly of cotton, which is a very thirsty crop. It can take over 6,000 liters of water to grow enough cotton to make one pair of jeans. It takes even more water to dye them blue! By recycling, you can help save water. Even if you don’t buy from second-hand stores, you can make your wardrobe more eco-friendly.
1. Wash your clothes less often.
Research shows that 60 to 80 percent of a garment’s environmental impact comes from how often it is washed. If you can, wear your clothes two to three times before washing them. Then use cold water to save energy!
2. Be a big-picture shopper.
Before you buy something, consider: Will I still want to wear this a year from now? If not, leave it for someone who will.
3. Donate!
Companies like Savannah Rags want to give your clothes a second chance. Find out where your local clothing recycling bins are. And keep your clothes out of the trash! 34. How can you deal with your old clothes?
35. Where is the rest of the clothing shipped to after it is packaged? 36. Why do local merchants buy old clothes and resell them?
37. How many times should you wear your clothes before washing them?
38. What can you do to make your wardrobe eco-friendly according to this passage? 四、阅读短文回答问题（共10分，每小题2分） 34. Give them to a charity or a second-hand store. 35. To places in Europe and Africa.
36. To keep old clothes out of landfills and help protect natural resources. 37. Two to three times.
38. Wash my clothes less often, be a big-picture shopper, donate . 2021年北京市房山区九年级二模英语试题
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
We all know that running is good for our healthy. Have you ever
thought that running is also good for the planet? Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.
Plogging is becoming increasingly popular after it started as an organizational activity in Sweden (瑞典). What is plogging? It is a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging. The term “plogging” is created by combining the English word “jogging” and “plocka upp”, a Swedish term that means “picking up”.
A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom started the movement. After moving from a Swedish ski resort to Stockholm, Eric noticed a lot of litter when he rode to work each day. So, he decided to do something about it. In 2016, Eric began organizing groups to pick up rubbish while jogging, and thus “plogging” was born. It spread to other countries in 2018, following increased concern about plastic pollution.
Plogging is considered a perfect activity, as it is positive both for the body, and for the environment. There’s no doubt that moving your body will do great things for your health, and plogging will also add some extra moves like squatting (蹲下) or bending (弯曲) your body. According to a research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories.
Plogging is a movement that anyone can join. To get started, choose plogging route that you know is heavily littered but still considered safe. Do not forget to bring your recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, as well as some hand sanitizer (消毒纸巾) if necessary. You can jog alone or in groups. You can do it early in the morning, or a bit before going to work, or even in the late afternoon. If you’re not much of a jogger, that’s okay! You can take a walk. Anything that suits you! It really does not matter whether you take a 2-mile jog or a 5-mile marathon, or just a 15-minute morning walk, the idea with plogging is that you do some physical exercise while helping to pick up litter!
Every day, about 2 million people plog in over 100 countries. If you have a pair of gloves, a rubbish bag, and enjoy being outside, plogging may be right for you! 34．What is plogging?
35．Who started the movement of plogging? 36．What do you need to bring when you plog?
37．How many people plog in over 100 countries every day? 38．Why is plogging becoming popular?
四、阅读回答（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
34. (It is) a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging. 35. (A Swedish man called) Eric Ahlstrom.
36. Recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, (as well as some hand sanitizer). 答出前两个关键词就可以得分。
37. About 2 million.
38. It is good for the body and the environment. / It’s a movement that anyone can join. / People can choose the way suits them to plog. 只要答案合理就可以给分。
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