聚焦河南
(2017·河南中考)
四、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
A
注：recommend推荐； spice(调味)香料
Eating out Are you looking for somewhere special to go this weekend? Do you want to try something new? Check out one of these hot new restaurants. Musical Chairs Have you noticed how music makes the taste of your food better? This new restaurant has different types of live music every night except Sundays, and excellent food to go with it. Great fish dishes, beef and pizza. Monday is classic rock night, so see you there！ Last Days of the Raj A centrallylocated Indian restaurant, perfect for eating before or after the cinema or a show. In summer enjoy your meal in the beautiful garden. The most popular dishes are beef and chicken cooked with mild, medium or hot spices. For brave customers there is extra hot！ The Chocolate Box The owner of this small cafe used to cook all kinds of food, but then she realized she preferred sweets to anything else. If you want meat or fish, don't come here. They only do desserts! Lots of different kinds of sweets. Chocolate lovers will be excited by the range of chocolate cakes. A Taste of Tuscany Whether you'd like a great valueformoney lunch or a relaxed evening meal at a fantastic restaurant, this is the place for you. The cooks have all been trained in Italy and they make both traditional and modern dishes. We recommend the pasta and seafood. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
46．What's special about Musical Chairs？( ) A．Sunday is classic rock night every week. B．The chairs there can play wonderful music. C．The restaurant only welcomes music lovers. D．You can enjoy your meal with live music there.
47．Which of the following does The Chocolate Box serve？( ) A．Fish. B．Cakes. C．Seafood. D．Chicken.
48．Why do people go to Last Days of the Raj？( ) A．To show others how brave they will be. B．To enjoy the meal while watching shows.
C．To try the dishes there cooked with spices. D．To have meals in the garden all year round.
49．What can people do at A Taste of Tuscany？( ) A．Enjoy a relaxed breakfast. B．Taste dishes cooked in Italy. C．Have a valueformoney lunch. D．Learn to cook pasta and seafood.
50．What is recommended in the text？( )
A．Hot restaurants. B．Special foods.
C．Weekend activities. D．The best places to go.
B
Not only kids of Tiger Moms go to Harvard.
Dawn Loggins of Lawndale, N．C. , is on her way to Harvard, one of the eight worldfamous universities in the eastern US. Nobody encouraged her to study or paid for her special classes. This girl created her own future.
The teen was abandoned by her family last summer, when her parents and two sisters moved to Tennessee. She found herself homeless and had to spend the night on friends' sofas.
The school bus driver learned about Dawn's situation and invited Dawn to move in with her family. Soon, Dawn had a job at Burns High School. She worked from 6 a．m. to 7：40 a．m. before the first school bell rang. She swept floors and picked up trash again in the afternoons, before diving(跳水) into her studies in the evenings.
Dawn's hard work paid off. She finished school with a 3. 9 GPA and scored 2，110 on the SAT. “There were times when I felt like it would be easiest if I gave up，” the 18yearold said. “But it was never in me to give up, because I realized that I was never going to be successful unless I got an education. ”
Even before Dawn's family left her, she led a difficult life. Her family was poor and cups of noodles were often the only food. Dawn “studied by candlelight” because her parents couldn't afford to pay the electricity bill(电费)．
Dawn has now reconnected with her family. They're proud of her accomplishments(成就) and are attending her high school graduation. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
51．Why didn't Dawn give up her studies？( ) A．To reconnect with her family.
B．To thank those who had helped her. C．To get an education to be successful. D．To realize her dream of going to Harvard.
52．Who helped Dawn when she found herself homeless？( ) A．Her teachers. B．Her neighbors.
C．A Tiger Mom. D．A school bus driver.
53．What does the underlined word “abandoned” mean in Chinese？( ) A．宠爱 B．抛弃 C．鼓励 D．虐待
54．Which of the following words best describes Dawn？( ) A．Openminded. B．Goodnatured. C．Strongwilled. D．Warmhearted. 55．What's the best title for the text？( ) A．Another Harvard Girl
B．A Girl in Candlelight C．From Homeless to Harvard D．The Role of Tiger Moms
C
The idea that red means stop and green means go has influenced
our lives in more ways than just traffic signals(信号). We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green means it's okay to move forward. But why were those colors chosen for traffic
lights in the first place? For something we have to look at every day, why couldn't they have been prettier colors?
Well, it's important to know that before traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go, and green to mean warn. As you could imagine, trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go. For example, one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened. Because of that, railway companies finally moved green meaning go and used yellow to mean warn. And it's been that way ever since.
Red has always been a color that meant danger, long before cars were even around. This most likely started because it's the color with the longest wavelength(波长) so it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors.
But, believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area. Finally, highly reflective materials(高反射材料) were developed and red stop signs were born. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones, some traffic signs, and school buses continue to be painted yellow.
So next time you're impatiently waiting at a traffic light, don't get so mad at them; they've certainly come a long way. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
56．What were traffic signals for before traffic lights for cars？( ) A．Trains. B．Boats. C．Planes. D．Bicycles. 57．Which of the following colors meant go at first？( ) A．Red. B．Yellow. C．White. D．Green. 58．Why does red mean danger？( ) A．Because it's the brightest color. B．Because it can be seen far away. C．Because railway companies say so.
D．Because it has the shortest wavelength.
59．Why are school buses painted yellow？( ) A．Because yellow is a prettier color. B．Because yellow once meant danger.
C．Because yellow can be seen well in daytime. D．Because yellow means it's OK to go forward. 60．What does the text mainly tell us？( ) A．How important traffic lights are.
B．Which color has the longest wavelength. C．What red, yellow and green can be used for. D．Why traffic lights are red, yellow and green.
D
Starting high school is a great experience for any teenager. Whether you are coming from
a middle school (grades six through eight) or a junior high school (grades seven through nine), there are many things about high school that are different from your old school environment. 61
You will face being in a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic(学术的) levels than your middle and juniorhigh school teachers. 62 In return, they expect you to work hard and develop your skills.
On top of all this, peer pressure(同伴压力) to drink and smoke often increases in high school. 63
Although there is a lot of pressure, it is nothing you cannot deal with. If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend, parent, or counselor to find a solution(解决). 64 If you are not succeeding academically, find someone to help you. If you feel lonely, try to join a school club or group to make new friends.
65 With time, you will come to be thankful for everything about your experience. On the point of starting your high school, are you ready?
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．You will experience many changes.
B．They want to help you get into college. C．High school may seem discouraging at first.
D．They are there to help you get into this great new time in your life. E．Besides, the pressure could also come from grades, loneliness and so on. 61． 62. 63. 64. 65.
参考答案
A
【篇章导读】 本文介绍了适合外出就餐的四家有特色的餐馆。
46．D 细节理解题。根据Musical Chairs部分中的第二句可知选D。
47．B 细节理解题。根据The Chocolate Box部分中的“They only do desserts！”可知选B。 48．C 推理判断题。根据Last Days of the Raj部分中的倒数第二句可知选C。 49．C 细节理解题。根据A Taste of Tuscany部分中的第一句可知选C。
50．A 细节理解题。根据文章开头的“Eating out”和“Check out one of these hot new restaurants.”可知选A。
B
【篇章导读】 并不是只有“虎妈”的孩子才能考入哈佛大学。本文主要介绍了Dawn Loggins通过自己的努力考入哈佛大学的故事。
51．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，Dawn不放弃学习，是因为她意识到接受教育才能获得成功。
52．D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，在Dawn发现自己无家可归时，校车司机帮助了她。
53．B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“She found herself homeless and had to spend the night on friends' sofas.”可知，画线词意为“抛弃”。
54．C 推理判断题。Dawn通过自己的努力考入哈佛大学，这说明她很坚强。
55．C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍了Dawn因搬家而变得无家可归，后来通过自己的努力考入了哈佛大学。故C项最适合作为本文的标题。
C
【篇章导读】 本文主要介绍了交通信号灯中的红色、绿色和黄色的由来及演变。
56．A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“there were traffic signals for trains”可知选A。 57．C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“At first...white to mean go...”可知选C。
58．B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors”可知选B。
59．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day”可知选C。
60．D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了交通灯中的红色、绿色和黄色的由来及演变。故选D。
D
【篇章导读】 高中生活对年轻人来说是很好的体验，但也会面临很多变化和压力。本文对此给出了一些建议。
61．A 根据下一段中的“a new school”“new friends”“new teachers”可知选A。
62．B 根据前句中的“have higher academic levels”和下句中的“to work hard and develop your skills”可知选B。
63．E 本段主要谈论压力，E项中的“the pressure”是解题的关键。
64．D 本段主要谈论如何应对和解决压力，D项中的They指代前句中提到的朋友、父母或是顾问。 65．C 空后的“With time”与C项中的“at first”相呼应。
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