一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析） 1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的
语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Helen is in Grade Eight. She smiles at everyone and she's always glad to help others. But do you know she had a sad story?
Helen's parents died in ________ fire when she was nine years old. After that, her aunt and uncle adopted （收养） her. They sent her to a new school. In that school, Helen ______________
（ know ） nothing about her new classmates. She didn't talk too much and she was ___________ （ shy） and quieter than most kids. That made _____ difficult for her to make friends, so she
had few friends at school. Her aunt and uncle worried about her. _______ （ lucky） , Helen met a funny girl named Sandy. After making friends _______________ Sandy, Helen became more outgoing _______ before. Sandy usually tells jokes to make her laugh and Helen often helps Sandy with her studies. Now they are good friends.
Helen is really hard-working and she always _______ （ get ） A's in her subjects. Sandy says, \"Helen studies very hard. She often helps me with my homework. Now I'm getting better （ grade） with her help __ she is different from me, I like her very much.
【答案】 a； knew； shyer； it ；Luckily ； with ； than ； gets； grades； Though/
Although 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述海伦九岁时父母死于火灾。在那之后，她
叔叔 婶婶收养了她。他们送她去了一所新学校。在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。她 说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。这使她很难交到朋友，所以她在学校很少 有朋友。她叔叔婶婶很担心她。幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。在和 桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。桑迪经常讲笑话逗她笑，海伦经常帮助桑 迪学习。现在他们是好朋友了。海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了
A。桑迪说： “海伦学
习很努力。她经常帮我做作业。现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。虽然她和我不一 样，但我非常喜欢她。
（ 1）考查不定冠词。句意：海伦九岁时父母死于一场火灾。 fire 火灾，可数名词单数，且 以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词 a，故答案为： a。
（ 2）考查一般过去时。句意：在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。 know 知道，动 词。本段都是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。 know 的过去式 knew ，故答案为：
knew。
（ 3）考查形容词。句意：她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。空格后有 ...
and quieter than ，可知有 and 连接并列形容词比较级。形容词 shy 的比较级 shyer，故答 案
为： shyer。
（ 4）考查代词。句意：这使她很难交到朋友。 make 使，让，使役动词，此处结构为 make+宾语 +宾补（形容词）。固定结构。此处是不定式短语作真正宾语，要放在句末，用 it 作形式宾语，故答案为： it 。
（5）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。由逗号与句 子隔
开，修饰整个句子作状语。形容词 lucky 的副词为 luckily 。故答案为： Luckily 。
（ 6）考查介词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。 make friends
with sb. 与某人交朋友，固定短语。故答案为： with 。
（ 7）考查连词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。根据 more
outgoing 和 before ，可知那时与以前相比，要用比较级 +than 句型，故答案为： than。
（8）考查一般现在时。句意：海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了 副词，常与一般现在时连用。主语
gets。故答案为： gets。
A。 always 总是，频率
she，第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数
（ 9）考查名词复数。句意：现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。 grade，成绩，可数 名词。空格前有形容词 better ，后接名词。空格前没有不定冠词，要用复数 grades 表示一 类事物。故答案为： grades。
（10）考查连词。句意：虽尽管她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。根据前后句意思，可知 前后句是让步关系，要用从属连词 though/although 。故答案为： Though/ Although 。
【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词以及形容词的等 考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写 出正确的答案。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多
限填 3 个单词）。
Summer was coming and it was getting hotter. Mrs, King got ______ early one morning and went to the market after she _______ （ have） breakfast. She knew that everything was cheap there before eight o'clock. She wanted to buy many ____________ （ vegetable ） for her family. Suddenly she saw there were a ______ of people around a farmer. She hurried there and found that he was selling some beef.
\"How ______ does it cost? \"a woman asked. \"Two dollars a kilo.\"
\"Oh, how cheap it is!\"Mrs. King said to herself. \"John _______ （ like ） beef very much. I'd better buy some here,\"
When she got _______ with five kilos of beef, her son was happy but her husband got angry. \"What a silly woman!\" said Mr. King. weather?\"
\"Your aunt is very rich,\" said Mrs. King. \"Why not go and borrow some money _______ her? Then we'll be able to buy a fridge.\"
Mr. King agreed and they began to teach their five year-old son what _______ （ say） when they were at his aunt's house.
\"John,\" Mr. King said, \"how can we keep the beef fresh?\" \"That's easy,\" the boy said _______ （ happy） . \"By eating it!\"
↑ \"Heo kwe esph aitl lf rwesh in such hot
【答案】 up ； had；vegetables； group/ lot/ number ； much ； likes； home ； from ；to
say； happily
【解析】 【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛 肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉， John 说可以通过吃了牛肉 来保存。 （ 1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。 get op 起床，固定搭配，故填 up。
（ 2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。时态是一般过去时，所以 have 用 had，故 填 had 。
（ 3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。 vegetable 蔬菜，可数名词， many 修饰可数名词 复数，所以用复数 vegetables。
（ 4 ）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群 /许多人。 a group of 一群 ， a
lot/number of 许多 ... ，固定搭配，故填 group/ lot/ number 。
（ 5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用 how much ，故填 much。
（ 6）句意： John 非常喜欢牛肉。时态是一般现在时，主语是单数 John，所以 buy 用单三 式 buys ，故填 buys。
（ 7）句意：当她带着 5 千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。 get
home 到家，固定搭配，故填 home 。
（ 8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？ borrow...from 从⋯⋯借 ⋯⋯，固定搭配，故填
from 。
（ 9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们 5 岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。特殊疑问 词 +to do 不定式，固定搭配，故填 to say。
（ 10）句意：男孩高兴地说。副词修饰实义动词， said 是实义动词，所以用形容词 happy 的副词 happily ，高兴地，故填 happily 。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然 后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多 限填 3 个单词）。
When I was a little girl, I wanted to be an English _______ （ teach） . When I grew up a little bit, I had great interests in _______ . I loved going to concerts （音乐会） with my friends and reading music books and _______ （ magazine）. During my last few months at high school, my dream was to _______ a reporter for a music publication （刊物） . ________ I learned writing in college. But my teacher said my writing was terrible, and I _______ not be a good reporter. My friends also told me it was difficult _____________ （ find ） a reporter job. Then I began _______ （ learn ） public relation （公共关系） , because I enjoyed _________ （ talk ） with people.
But now I work as an editor for a newspaper, I got the job because of my _______ （ write ） skills. So don't let anyone tell you that you can't be what you want to be.
【答案】 teacher ； music； magazines；be/become ； So； could ； to find ；to learn ；
talking ； writing
【解析】 【分析】文章大意：我小的时候想当一位英语老师。后来我对音乐很感兴趣，我 想为一家音乐刊物当记者。我现在是一家报纸的编辑。
（ 1）句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我想当一名英语老师。 teach，教，动词；由文中 的语句 I want to be an English ⋯提示可知此句表示想成为一名英语老师， 词，由 an 提示要用单数形式，故答案为 teacher 。
（ 2）句意：当我长大一点的时候，我对音乐有很大的兴趣。根据后文的语句 I loved going
to concerts （音乐会） with my friends and reading music books 提示可知，我对音乐感兴 趣， music，不可数名词，故填 music 。
teacher ，可数名
（ 3）句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起去听音乐会，读音乐书籍和杂志。 词，杂志由前面 books 提示要用复数形式，故答案为 magazines。
magazine ，可数名
（4）句意：在高中的最后几个月里，我的梦想是成为一家音乐刊物的记者。根据文中的 my
dream 及 a reporter 的提示可知，此句表示想成为记者。 be 或 become ，动词，前面有 不定式
符号 to ，故答案为 be 或 become 。
（ 5）句意：所以我在大学里学习了写作。根据上文中的 my dream was to be a reporter 提 示可知，在大学里学习写作是结果，要用连词 so，故填 So。
（ 6）句意：但我的老师说我的写作很糟糕，我不会是一个好记者。根据上文语句 动词 can，因表示过去，故答案为 could 。
（7）句意：我的朋友也告诉我很难找到一份记者的工作。固定句型结构
it's+形容词 +to do
sth，做某事怎样，此句需要动词不定式， find ，找到，发现，动词，故填 to find。
But my
teacher said my writing was terrible, 提示可知，此句表示我不可能成为一名好的记者，要用 情态
（ 8）句意：后来我开始学习公共关系，因为我喜欢与人交谈。 ① learn ，学习； begin to
do sth ，开始做某事，故填 to learn； ② talk ，谈话； enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填 talking 。
（ 9）句意：我得到这份工作是因为我的写作能力。 write ，写作，动词。由 because of 可 知，后面要用名词，或代词。 writing skill ，写作能力，故填 writing 。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单 词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一 遍，并逐一验证。
4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多 限填 3 个单词）。
Mike is a 16-year-old student. He has a very healthy lifestyle, ______ , one year ago, he was not so healthy. From Monday to Friday, he __________ （ study ） every day but hardly did any sports. He often used the Internet. ______ his parents asked him to exercise, he never did, He sometimes helped his mother with some _________ （ housework ）, but only once a week. On weekends, he liked _______ （ watch ） television, Then the bad _______ （ result ） came— he
became fat and had few friends. One day, the doctor in his school talked with him, He told Mike to do sports _____________ （much ） than two hours a day because it was good for his body
_______ mind. From then on, Mike decided to change his habits. Now, he does sports more often before, such as playing basketball and soccer. He plays computer games less.
After dinner, he often takes a walk with his parents. _______ （do） exercise helps him become healthy, and study better. Now he has more friends.
【 答案 】 However ； studied ； Although/Though ； housework ； watching ； result （ s ） ；
more ；and；than ；Doing
【解析】 【分析】主要讲了 16 岁的学生 Mike 之前有一个非常健康的生活方式，但是一年 前他变得不健康，医生建议他改变不健康的生活方式，最后变得健康。
（ 1）句意：然而，一年前，他不是如此健康。根据前句 He has a very healthy lifestyle 他有 一种非常健康的生活方式，可知前后句表示转折，所以用 however ，然而，注意句首首字 母大写，故填 However 。
（ 2）句意：从周一到周五，他每天学习，单数几乎不运动。时态是一般过去时，所以 study 用过去式 studied，故填 studied 。
（ 3）句意：尽管他的父母让他锻炼，他从不锻炼。 although/though 尽管，注意句首首字 母大写，故填 Although/Though 。
（ 4 ）句意 ：他有 时帮助 妈妈做 家务。 some 修 饰可数 名词复 数或者不 可数名 词，
housework 不可数名词，故填 housework 。
（ 5）句意：在周末，他喜欢看电视。 like doing sth.喜欢做某事，固定搭配，所以 watch 用
watching ，故填 watching 。
（6）句意：然后坏的结果来了。 result ，结果，可数名词，根据句子可知既可以是单数也 可以是复数， result 的复数是 results，故填 result（ s）。
（ 7）句意：他告诉 Mike 一天做两个多小时的运动，因为它对于他的身体和心智是有好处 的。 than 是比较级标志词，所以用 much 比较级 more ；body and mind 身心，固定搭配， 故填 more， and。
8）句意：现在他比之前更经常做运动，例如打篮球和踢足球。
more often 是比较级，所
以用标志词 than ，比，故填 than 。
9）句意：做锻炼帮助他变得健康，学习更好。句子缺少主语，
do 是实义动词，所以用
动名词做主语， do 的 ing 是 doing ，注意句首首字母大写，故填 Doing。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然 后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
5．语法填空
Students these days often have a lot of _______ （ worry ） . Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the _____________ （ bad） thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills, ______ teenager from London, agrees. \"Problems are normal in life,\" says Laura. \"But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.\"
Laura once lost her wallet and she _________ （ be） afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know _______ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have __________ （ some） money. She just kept thinking, \" _______ I tell my parents, they'll be angry!\" ________ （final）, she talked to her parents and they were really _______ （understand ） . They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. \"I will always remember to share my problems in the future!\" Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes _______ （him ）.
答案】 worries ； worst ； a； was； how ； any； If ； Finally； understanding ； himself 解析】 【分析】主要讲了当我们遇到问题时应该学会和他人交流。
（ 1）句意：现在的学生经常有许多担心。 a lot of 修饰可数名词复数， worry 的复数是
worries ，故填 worries 。
（ 2）句意：一些人认为最糟糕的事情是无所事事。 the+ 最高级， bad 的最高级是 worst ， 故填 worst 。
（ 3）句意： Laura Mills ——一个来自伦敦的青少年，同意。 teenager 是单数，以辅音音素 开头，所以用 a，故填 a。
（ 4）句意：她害怕告诉她的父母关于它。时态是一般过去时，主语是 she，所以用 was， 故填 was。
（5）句意：她担心了几天，并且不知道怎样解决这个问题。根据句意可知是不知道怎样 解决，所以用 how ，故填 how 。
（ 6）句意：因为她没有钱。句子是否定句，所以用 any，故填 any。
（7）句意：如果我告诉我的父母，他们将是生气的。根据句意可知前句表示假设，即如 果，所以用 if ，故填 If。
（ 8）句意：最后，她和她的父母交流。根据句意可知是最后 finally ，故填 Finally 。 （ 9）句意：他们真地是善解意义的。 be+形容词， understand 的形容词是 understanding ， 故填 understanding 。
（10）句意：她爸爸说他有时自己也犯粗心的错误。根据句意可知是爸爸自己也犯错误， 所以用 him 的反身代词 himself ，故填 himself 。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然 后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的 词或
使用括号中词语的正确形式（最多限填三个单词）填空。
Talent shows are getting more and more popular. Now there are many _______ （ kind ） of talent shows in China. Many people make their _______ （ dream ） come true by joining them.
example, Li Xiaojiao, English teacher from Chongqing, joined Chinese Dream Show. She is
（talent ）
in music. She sings （ well） than any other teacher
in her school and is good at ________ （ sing） English songs . She is also outgoing. Her show made a lot of people like her. At last, she got the _______ （ one） prize . At the same time, this show also changed _______ （ she） life. She is successful not only because she's got great talent,
but also she works hard. I believe everyone can be successful as ______ as you work hard.
【答案】 kinds； dreams ； For； an； talented ；better ； singing； first ； her ； long 【解析】 【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了中国的才艺节目。 （ 1）句意：现在在中国有很多种才艺节目。形容词
kinds。
many 后接可数名词复数。故答案为
（ 2）句意：很多人通过参加节目实现了自己的梦想。根据主语 many people 可知，应用复
数。故答案为 dreams 。
（3）句意：例如。固定短语 for example 表例如。故答案为 for 。
（ 4）句意：李晓娇，一个来自重庆的英语老师。 teacher 为单数且为第一次出现，前面需 要不定冠词； English 为元音音素开头。故答案为 an。
（ 5）句意：她在音乐上有天赋。固定搭配 be talented in sth.在某事上有天赋。故答案为
talented 。
（ 6）句意：她在学校里比任何老师都唱得好。根据比较连词
well 的比较级 better 。故答案为 better 。
than 可知，此处应用副词
（ 7）句意：她擅长唱英文歌。固定搭配
singing。
be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事。故答案为
（8）句意：最后，她得了一等奖。定冠词 the 后接序数词， one 的序数词是 first ，第一。 故答案为 first 。
（9）句意：同时，这个节目也改变了她的生活。形容词性物主代词修饰名词， 词性物主代词为 her。故答案为 her 。
（10 ）句意：只要你努力，我相信每个人都会成功。固定搭配
long。
as long as 只要。故答案为
she 的形容
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细 斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。
7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Trying to stay healthy seems to be a difficult thing for us. To have _______ healthy lifestyle, there is no ________ （ good） way than to encourage the whole family to have a healthy lifestyle.
When others do the same _______ （ activity ） as us, we can encourage each other to keep doing. If ________ get your family to be interested in doing exercise and eating _______________
（healthy ） , you will be fit and healthy quicker than you think.
When you go shopping, only buy healthy food. Buy vegetables and fruit rather than junk food like chips. Try different kinds of foods and try __________ （ eat） more at home.
Don't think ______ food as some kinds of entertainment （娱乐） . We may often meet our friends for lunch. In fact, there are many other things you can do with friends. How about
（ meet ） friends for a football game rather than meeting for lunch? You can still eat, the activity
doesn't have to focus （集中） on food. The food is less important than the fun activity. Looking after your health should not be boring. _______ （ start ） now.
【答案】 A； better ；activities ； you； healthily ；to eat ； of ； meeting ； but ； Start 【解析】 【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了如何拥有一个健康的生活方式。
（ 1） 句意：为了拥有一个健康的生活方式。根据 lifestyle 为首次出现的单数名词， healthy 为辅音音素开头，前面应加不定冠词 a。故答案为 a。
（ 2） 句意：没有比鼓励全家拥有健康的生活方式更好的办法了。根据比较连词 知，此处应用 good 的比较级 better 。故答案为 better 。
than 可
（3） 句意：当别人跟我们做一样的活动的时候，我们可以互相鼓励坚持做。根据 不activity 止一个可知，此处应用可数名词复数 activities 。故答案为 activities 。
（ 4） 句意：如果你让你的家人对做运动感兴趣并吃得健康。根据 your family ，可知应该是 你 you 。故答案为 you。
（ 5） 句意：如果你让你的家人对做运动感兴趣并吃得健康。副词修饰动词， healthy 的副 词形式为 healthily 。故答案为 healthily 。
（6）句意：尝试不同的事物，尝试更多地在家吃。固定搭配 try to do sth.尝试去做某事。 故答案为 to eat 。
（7）句意：不要把事物认为是某种娱乐。固定搭配 think of 认为是。故答案为 of。 （ 8）句意：跟朋友因为足球赛而不是因为午餐见面怎么样？介词 about 后接动词 ing 形 式。故答案为 meeting 。
（9）句意：你依然可以吃，但活动不要都集中于食物。前句和后句为转折关系，用连词 but ，表转折，故答案为
but 。
（10 ） 句意：现在开始吧。祈使句，表呼吁，因此用动词原形，句首首字母大写，故答案 为 Start 。 【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细 斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。
8．补全下面两篇短文
A） Last year we were sometimes ________ When we passed the ball and we _________ to the other team in the _______ match. What a ________ This year, we are training more, carefully. B） You can go by car and by ship _______ the North Sea. This is the most ______ way to travel but also the most expensive. Book your ticket before you book your _______________ Remember that _______ Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay _______ the city centre and travel in by bus or by _______
【答案】 careless； lost； final ； pity ； across； comfortable ； hotel； parking ； outside； train 【解析】 【分析】第一篇短文讲述了我们的球队在比赛中失利了，要更努力的训练。第二 篇短文介绍的是在旅行的时候需要注意的一些事情。
（1）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外 一支球队的比赛。
careless 粗心的，是一个形容词，在句中作表语。根据句意可知，因为粗 心才会输掉比赛，因此后面才会说 we are training more ，要更努力的训练。故填 careless。
（2）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外 一支球队的比赛。 lost 是 lose 的过去式，输，根据句意可知，因为粗心所以输掉了比赛， 这句话中的时间状语是 last year，是过去的事情，故填过去式 lost 。
（3）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外 一支球队的比赛。
final 最后的，最终的，是形容词， final match 是决赛的意思。故填 final。
（ 4）句意：真遗憾。 pity 遗憾，是一个名词。 What a pity 是固定句型，表示对某事感到非
常遗憾。故填 pity 。
（ 5）句意：你可以乘坐汽车去，然后乘坐轮船穿过北海。 across 穿过，是一个介词，指从 物体的表面穿过，这句话的意思是坐船在海面上穿过，故填 across。
（ 6）句意：这是旅行的最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。 comfortable 舒服的，舒适的，是 一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词 way。 the most comfortable 是最高级形式。 故填 comfortable 。
（ 7）句意：在你预定你的宾馆之前，你要先订票。 hotel 宾馆，是一个名词。根据文意可 知，外出旅行的时候，你需要买票、、订宾馆，故应填 hotel 。
（ 8）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的。 park 停车，是一个动词，在这句话中是 宾语从句中的主语，故用动名词形式，填 parking 。
（9）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交车 或者火车去里面去旅行。 outside 在 ⋯外面，是一个介词。根据句意可知，在阿姆斯特丹停 车很贵，所以这里是建议我们把车停在外围，故填 outside 。
（10）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交 车或者火车去里面去旅行。 train 火车，是一种交通工具，这里 by train 是固定短语，乘坐 火车。故填 train 。
【点评】此题考查短文填空。在做短文填空时，先跳过空格阅读短文了解其大意，然后根 据句意和上下文联系，英语语法和固定搭配完成短文，。
二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．根据短文理解选择正确答案。
B
The word “ day ” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “ day ” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using
“ day
the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning （旋转） of the earth. At the equator （赤道） day and night are sometimes the same length （长度） . They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o'clock in the morning and sets at 6 o'clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole（北极） is tilted （倾斜） toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere （半球） gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere （半球） . Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
（1） When the Western Hemisphere is having day, the Eastern Hemisphere is having ___ .
A. both day and night B. day C. neither（既不） day nor night D. night
（2） A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by ______ of
the earth.
A. the pushing B. the pulling C. the spinning D. the passing
（3） At the equator day is as long as night ______ .
A. sometimes B . never C . usually D . always
（4） When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets ____________
sunlight.
A. less B . more C . all D . no
【答案】 （ 1）D （2）C （3）A （4）B
【解析】 【分析】短文大意： day 这个单词有两层含义，当我们谈论一年中有多少天时， 我们用 “天”表示 24 小时，但是当我们谈到 “白天 ”和“夜晚”时，我们用 “天”表示日出和日落 之间的时间。
（1）细节推理题，根据文章内容 But when we talk about day and night, we ar e using “ day” to
mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night.
当地
球的一半是白天时，另一半却是夜晚，可以推断 “当西半球是白天时，东半球是夜晚 ”，故 选
D。
（ 2）细节理解题，根据文章内容 A place is moved from day into night and from night into day
over and over by the spinning （旋转） of the earth. 可知选 C。
（ 3）细节理解题，根据 At the equator （赤道） day and night are sometimes the same length （长度） . 可知在赤道，有时白天和夜晚一样长，故选
A。
（ 4）细节理解题，根据 For six months the North Pole（北极） is tilted （倾斜） toward the sun. In
those months the Northern Hemisphere （半球） gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere （半球） . 可知当北半球向太阳倾斜时，北半球的光照时间比南半球 长，故选 B。
【点评】这是一篇科普类阅读短文，讲述了 “白天”和“夜晚 ”的划分。
10．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
A
Do you like fruit salad? Do you want to make fruit salad by yourself? Then you can follow the steps: Step 1: Prepare some fresh fruit, such as strawberries, bananas, apples and oranges. Yogurt （酸
奶） is very important. It can make your fruit salad more tasty. Don't forget salad. You may choose
different salad as you wish.
Step 2: Wash the fruit carefully. Make sure they are clean enough.
Step 3: Cut them in different shapes if you like. Anyway, cut them into pieces. Step 4: Put all your fruit into the plate and sprinkle stir.
Now, your delicious fruit salad is coming. Prepare your forks and your mouth! Enjoy yourself!
（喷洒） some yogurt and salad. Mix and
（1） ______ can make your fruit salad more tasty.
A. Fruit B . Salad C . Yogurt D . Sugar
（2） ______ isn't mentioned in the instruction.
A. Strawberries B. Pears C. Apples D. Oranges （3） Your fruit can be in _____ .
A. the same shapes and pieces C. different shapes and pieces
B. the same shapes and halves D. different shapes and halves
（4） There are _____ steps in the instruction.
A. three B . four C . five D . six
（5） The best title of the passage may be _____ .
A. Delicious fruit salad C. How to make fruit salad
B . How to choose fruit D. Enjoy yourself
【答案】 （ 1）C （2）B （3）C （4）B
（5）C 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了制作水果沙拉的方法。
（ 1）根据文句中的内容 Yogurt（酸奶） is very important. It can make your fruit salad more tasty. 可知 Yogurt （酸奶）能使水果沙拉更美味，故选
C。
（2）通读全文可知 Pears 在文中没有涉及到，故选 B。
（ 3）根据第三个步骤 Cut them in different shapes if you like. Anyway, cut them into pieces. 可 知选
C。
（4）通读全文可知文章用了四个步骤介绍水果沙拉的制作方法，故选 B。
（ 5）文章主要是讲述如何制作水果沙拉的，故文章的标题应该是 How to make fruit salad ，
选 C。
【点评】这是一篇说明文，条理非常清楚，分四个步骤介绍了水果沙拉的制作方法，仔细 阅读文章，很容易找到答案。
11．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
B
Today I went to Sam's school in the UK. It was really different from my school in China.
Girls wore grey skirts and white shirts, boys wore grey trousers, and everyone wore the school tie. Some of Sam's lessons were a bit strange for me. We were reading Shakespeare in the English lesson, and there were quite some old words like \"thou\" and \"thee\" to mean \"you\". In history we studied 20th Century China. It was strange hearing a foreign side of history — and hearing English people trying to say all our Chinese names!
Classes were also a lot more relaxing than in China. Teachers were called \"sir\" or \"miss\shouted answers and raised their hands in classes. It was more like a debate than a class. A bell rang at the end of each lesson and everyone jumped up to go to the next class.
At break we bought potato chips and cookies in the dining room. Lunch was later than in China at 1 o'clock. We had big plates of pie with carrots. For dessert there was hot sweet rice called rice pudding. It was good that I'd had an excellent lunch, because at Sam's school Monday afternoons are taken up with sports.
I played my first game of netball — a bit like basketball, but with some differences. Luckily I'd had a quick look in the rule book before I tried to join in the game.
（1） Paragraph 2 shows that _____.
A. They wear uniforms in Sam's school
B. lessons are different between schools in China and the UK C. there is a break of 30 minutes every day in the school D. sports take up much lime in Sam's school
（2） The underlined word \"debate\" ill Paragraph 4 means __ .
A. fight B. exam C. discussion D. suggestion
（3） What do they have for lunch at Sam's school'?
A. Pie and hot sweet rice. B. Potato chips C. Cookies. D . Carrots.
（4） What class do Sam have on Monday afternoon?
A. Maths B. History 5） What's the best title for the passage?
C. PE
D. Music
A. Relaxed classes in the UK
B . Clothes, food and sports in a UK school
C. Strange lessons in Sam's school 【答案】 D . A day in Sam's school
（ 1）A （2）C （3）A （4）C （5）D
【解析】 【分析】短文大意：文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生活，学生 在校必须穿校服，课程设置也要比中国的课程轻松很多，上课更像是辩论，午餐也很丰 盛，并且第一次尝试无挡板篮球运动。
（1）细节理解题。第二段主要讲述了女孩子们都穿灰色的短裙和白色的衬衫，男孩子们穿 灰色的长裤，而且都打学校的领带。可知在山姆的学校，学生们都穿校服，故选
A。
（ 2）词义猜测题。根据短文中的句子 everyone shouted answers and raised their hands in
classes.每个人在课堂上都大声地回答问题，而且还经常举手，所以上课更像是辩论，故答 案选 C。
（ 3）细节理解题。根据第五段内容 e had big plates of pie with carrots. For dessert there was
hot sweet rice called rice pudding. 可知在山姆的学校午餐吃 Pie and hot sweet rice. ，故选 A。
（ 4）细节推理题。根据倒数第二段 It was good that I'd had an excellent lunch, because at
Sam's school Monday afternoons are taken up with sports. “ sports意”为 “运动 ”，即 “上
体育 课”，故 C。
（5）主旨大意题。依据短文内容可知，文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生 活，故答案为 D。
【点评】本文难度较大，个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。首先要认真阅读短 文，注意前后联系，掌握短文大意，然后带着问题再读短文，找出相关段落，分析总结， 判断出正确选项。
12．阅读理解
Tom was walking through the forest with his axe （斧子） when a sapling （树苗） .Called to him and stopped him on his way.
\"Could you please help me clear away these trees.my kind friend? They are stealing （窃取） all of my sunshine. There is no room because of the trees .so my roots cannot grow freely. I cannot feel the wind with the trees above me.\"
Tom decided he could do this favor for the poor sapling. He swung his axe and cleared the trees around the sapling.
But after Tom made space for the sapling, the hot sunlight dried his leaves. Then there was a heavy rainstorm. The poor sapling couldn't stand （忍受） the weather.
\"Oh, foolish one.\" said a farmer who was passing by. \"The taller trees may seem like they're taking your sunshine, space and wind form you, but they're actually helping you. They protect you from sunburns, heavy rain and other bad weather. ________________ .You only see them taking your space, but you don't see how they help you. One day when you grow up, you might be the one to protect other saplings.\"
（1） What did the sapling ask Tom to do?
A. To stop using the axe on him. B. To cut down the trees around him. C. To move him away from other trees. D. To protect him from bad weather.
（2） Why did the sapling ask Tom to help him?
A. Because he wanted to be the tallest tree. B. Because he was getting too much sunshine. C. Because his roots were covered by other trees. D. Because he thought other trees stopped his growth.
（3） Why did the farmer try to help the sapling understand?
A. Other trees were being foolish. B. The taller trees were protecting it. C. It would grow much taller than other trees. D. The taller trees shared most of the sunshine.
（4） Which sentence can be put in the blank?
A. Every coin has two sides.
B. You need much more sunlight and water. C. It's dangerous to grow up.
D. It's easy for taller trees to protect you.
【答案】 （ 1）B （2）D （3）B （4）A
【解析】 【分析】主要讲了小树苗认为其他树窃取了自己的阳光，让 Tom 帮助它把树清理 了，结果清理后，小树苗没有忍受住炎热的阳光和暴风雨，一个农民告诉他其他树在保护 小树苗。
（ 1）细节题。根据 Could you please help me clear away these trees ， my kind friend ？请你 帮我清除这些树，亲切的朋友？故选 B。
（ 2）细节题。根据 There is no room because of the trees ， so my roots cannot grow freely. 由 于树木，这里没有空间，所以我的根不能自由生长，故选 D。
（ 3）细节题。根据 The taller trees may seem like they're taking your sunshine, space and wind
form you, but they're actually helping you. They protect you from sunburns, heavy rain and other bad weather 较高的树木可能看起来像是在拿走你的阳光，空间和风，但它们实际上正在帮 助你，它
们可以保护你免受晒伤，大雨和其他恶劣天气的伤害，故选 B。
（ 4）细节题。根据 They protect you from sunburns, heavy rain and other bad weather.You only
see them taking your space, but you don't see how they help you.
它们可以保护你免受晒
伤，大雨和其他恶劣天气的伤害，你只能看到它们占据你的空间，但看不到它们如何帮助 你，可知是任何事物都有两面性，故选
A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
When scientist Jessica Wade realized how hard it was to find information about women scientists, she decided to help solve that problem. She has now added the stories of over 300 female scientists to Wikipedia.
Dr. Wade has always been interested in science. But as she kept going in science and learned more about amazing women scientists, she was surprised to learn that they didn't have Wikipedia pages.
Wikipedia is the world's largest encyclopedia, and the world's 5th most popular website. What makes it special is that anybody can add to or change it. But even though Wikipedia has close to 6 million articles. Dr. Wade noticed that \"It doesn't have the stories of many amazing women in science.\" She says that 83% of the biographies on Wikipedia are about men.
So, in January. 2018 she decided to write one Wikipedia article about a female scientist every day. She doesn't get paid, but it has become her second job. So far, she has created 306 Wikipedia pages.
Dr. Wade will keep writing her articles, but she also wants to teach other people how to add articles to Wikipedia. She would like to create a website to keep track of all of the biographies. She wants to turn them into a teaching tool.
（1） Why did Dr. Wade add female scientists' stories to Wikipedia?
A. It's her second job in Wikipedia. B. Female scientists asked her to do so. C. She couldn't find information she wanted. D. She has always been interested in science.
（2） What is special about Wikipedia?
A. It's the world's biggest encyclopedia. B. Common people can make it different.
C. There're nearly 6 million articles on it. D. It's the world's 5th most popular website.
（3） How much time has Dr. Wade spent adding articles to Wikipedia so far?
A. About a month. B. Less than 300 days. C. More than 300 days. D. The article didn't tell us.
（4） Which of the following things will Dr. Wade do?
A. Try to be a teacher. B. Give up her job. C. Create a website. D. Stop writing stories. 【答案】
（ 1）C （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】 【分析】主要讲了科学家 Jessica Wade 意识到发现女科学家的信息是困难的，所 以她已经增加 300 多个女科学家的故事在 Wikipedia 。
（ 1）细节题。根据 When scientist Jessica Wade realized how hard it was to find information
about women scientists ， she decided to help solve that problem. 可知当科学家杰西卡 ?韦德意
识到找到有关女科学家的信息是多么困难时，她决定帮助解决这个问题，故选 不同的是，任何人都可以添加或改变它，故选 费了多少时间，故选 D。
B。
C。
（ 2）细节题。根据 What makes it special is that anybody can add to or change it. 可知让它与 众（ 3）理解题。通读全文可知，文章没有告诉我们到目前为止韦德博士为维基百科添加文 章花（ 4）细节题。根据 Dr. Wade will keep writing her articles ， but she also wants to teach other
people how to add articles to Wikipedia.She would like to create a website to keep track of all of the biographies.She wants to turn them into a teaching tool. 可知韦德博士会继续写她的文章， 但她也
想教别人如何在维基百科上添加文章，她想创建 —个网站来记录所有的传记，她想 把这些文章变成教学工具，故选 C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
14．阅读理解
\"Tom? Are you in bed yet?\" called Mrs White. There was no answer. Mrs White put down her book and went to her 14-year-old son's room. Tom was sitting in front of a bright computer screen on which a motorbike was running fast.
\"Oh, Tom. You're still playing that computer game. You must stop now, because it's half past eleven. If you don't go to bed soon, you'll be very tired tomorrow, \"said Mrs White.
\"But I've nearly won the game, \"Tom said to Mrs White. She could see the excitement on his face. She sat beside him.
\"You're always playing on the computer. You spend more time on this machine than on your homework, \"said Mrs White.
Today more and more families have computers. Parents hope computers can help their children improve their study at school But many of their children use computers to play games, listen to songs
and watch videos instead of studying. We often see that computer net bars are crowded with people, especially young boys. They spend a lot of money competing （竞争） with the computerized （用
机算机控制的） machines. The more they lose, the more they want to win The result is that they
don't want to study.
In some countries, even scientists hate computers. They say computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble. Computer game addiction serious problem in our social life. Something should be done to solve the problem.
（瘾） is a
（1） How did Mrs White feel when she saw her son playing a computer game late?
A. She felt excited.
B. She felt happy.
C. She felt worried. D. She felt wonderful.
（2） Parents hope computers can ________ .
A. help their children improve their study at school B. help their children play well
C. help their children know much Internet knowledge D. help their children relax themselves
（3） Many children use computers to _______ .
A. watch videos
B. listen to songs
C. play games D. A, B and C
（4） The writer thinks _______ .
A. boys can go to the computer net bars, but girls can't B. computer net bars are very useful
C. children spend too much time on computer games D. children should play computer games
【答案】 （ 1）C （2）A （3）D （4）C
【解析】 【分析】文章大意：晚上十一点半了，汤姆的妈妈问汤姆睡了没有，汤姆还没 睡，还在玩电脑游戏，妈妈很担心他玩游戏的时间太对影响学习。现在很多家庭拥有电 脑，很多孩子不是用电脑学习而是用电脑玩游戏、听音乐，他们在电脑上花费的时间太 多，而产生了厌学的情绪。。电脑游戏成瘾是我们社会生活中的一个严重问题。应该做些 什么来解决这个问题。 （ 1）逻辑推理题，根据 You're always playing on the computer. You spend more time on this
machine than on your homework,
可知，汤姆的爸爸对汤姆感到担心，故答案是
A。
C。
（ 2）细节理解题，根据 Parents hope computers can help their children improve their study at
school 可知，父母希望电脑能帮助孩子学习，故答案是
（ 3）细节理解题，根据 But many of their children use computers to play games, listen to songs
and watch videos instead of studying.
可知，许多孩子用电脑玩游戏、听歌曲、
看视频文不是学习，故答案是 D。
（4）逻辑推理题，根据短文内容可知，作者认为孩子们花在电脑上的时间太多，故答案
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题要可以直接从文 中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．阅读理解
Some people see a hobby as a waste of time. They think a hobby is only something to pass the time. In fact, a hobby is much more than that. Its advantages （优点） are as follows. People can have time for themselves.
If one has a hobby, he or she can enjoy quiet time. People usually think more clearly when they enjoy their favorite hobbies. People often get some good ideas at that time. People can find out their talent.
People often find new talent of themselves when they enjoy their hobbies. Some people find their talent for playing the piano only when they sit down and play. The only way to find this talent is try. The first thing you should do is to find something that you are interested in. People can feel relaxed. Most hobbies are good ways to relax. Coming home from work and sitting down to enjoy things you like helps you relax. Hobbies also help you get a better sleep.
（1） The writer thinks a hobby is very .
A. boring
B. useful C. dangerous D. terrible
（2） The only way for people to find talent is .
A. thinking clearly
B. getting a sleep
C. having a try
D. sitting down
（ 3） is NOT the advantages of having a hobby.
A. Helping people enjoy quiet time C. Helping people feel relaxed
B. Making people discover new talent D. Making people play sports well B. how to get relaxed D. how to get good ideas
（4） The main idea of the passage is
A. the advantages of the hobbies C. how to get a better sleep
【答案】 （ 1）B （2）C
（3）D
4）A
解析】 【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了兴趣爱好的优点。
（ 1）推理判断题。根据第一段 In fact, a hobby is much more than that. Its advantages（优 点）
are as follows. 事实上，兴趣爱好不只是消磨时间，他的优点如下，可知作者觉得爱好 是很有用
的。故选 B。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三段 The only way to find this talent is try. 找到才艺的唯一办法是 尝试。故选 C。
（ 3）细节理解题。根据 People can have time for themselves. 和 People can find out their
talent. ，以及 People can feel relaxed. 是爱好的优点，而让人们好好做运动不是。故选 D。
（ 4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了兴趣爱好的优点。故选 A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大
意之后找出中心思想。
16．阅读理解 Sam, Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you. But I'm afraid I can't. I have a piano lesson on Tuesday. Maybe another time. Nancy Sandy, Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to come ， but I have to go to New York that day. It's very kind of you. I hope you have a happy birthday party. Nancy Lucy, Thanks a lot for your invitation. I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my things ready for traveling. How about coming to my house with Lily cooks fish very well. I think you'll like it. I hope to see you before I'm leaving. Nancy Rose, Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight ？ All of our good friends will come. Nancy ？ My mother （1） How many invitations does Nancy get?
A. Two.
B . Three.
C . Four.
D . Five
（2） Nancy will go to New York on ______ .
A. Tuesday B. Thursday
（3） What does Nancy have to do on Thursday? A. Get her things ready for traveling. C. Play soccer with Sam.
C. Friday
D. Wednesday
B. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily. D. Go to a birthday party.
【答案】 （ 1）B （2）C （3）A
【解析】 【分析】这是是 Nany 写的四封信。分别是感谢和邀请。 （ 1）细节题，根据第一封信，第二封信和第三封信都是邀请，故选 B。
（ 2）细节题，根据 Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love
to come ， but I have to go to New York that day. 可知她周五要去纽约，故选 C。
（ 3）细节题，根据 I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my
things ready for traveling. 可知周四她要为旅游准备好东西，故选 A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型，细节题需要在文中寻找答案。
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